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HIV rate stable in teens by increasing among older women
Kerry Cullinan, Health-e
2006-07-28

Pregnant women aged between 25 and 29, living in KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Gauteng are worst affected by HIV.

But the biggest increases in HIV are among pregnant women aged 35 to 39, and those living in North West. 

This is according to the annual HIV and syphilis prevalence survey for 2005, which was quietly put up on the Department of Health's website yesterday (Friday 21 July).

Almost one in three (30.2%) of the 16 510 pregnant women tested across the country last year were HIV positive.

But this was an increase of less than a percent over the previous year, prompting hope that the epidemic is stablising.

KwaZulu-Natal (39.1%), Mpumalanga (34.8%) and Gauteng (32.4%) are the three worst affected provinces. The Western Cape (15.7%) remains the province with the lowest HIV rate. North West had highest HIV increase, where the infection rate jumped by 5% to almost 30%. This was followed by Mpumalanga, with a 2% increase.

However, HIV rates in Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal decreased very slightly. Young women aged between 25 and 29 are worst affected by HIV, with almost four in ten (39.5%) women in this age group living with the virus. However, this figure was virtually unchanged from 2004.

Women aged between 35 and 39 showed the biggest increase in HIV prevalence, jumping almost 4% from 24.5% to 28%.

There were also increases of 2% in both women aged 30 to 34 and women over the age of 40.

However, the HIV rate among teens decreased slightly. While the survey notes that this decrease was not statistically significant, it added that it
may be an indicator of declines in this age group.

HIV prevalence among young women under the age of 24 has remained constant over the past three years, giving hope that the HIV epidemic among young people is stabilising.

The prevalence profile continues to confirm the expectation and projections of numerous groups whose models suggest that South Africa will begin to see a decline in HIV prevalence, said health department spokesperson Sibane Mngadi.

The department uses the antenatal estimates to make projections about the HIV rate of the general population.

Based on the latest figure, close on one-fifth (18.8%) of South Africans between the ages of 15 and 49 are estimated to be living with HIV, according to the health department.

Some 235 000 children are estimated to be HIV positive, part of the total HIV positive population of 5.54 million.

Meanwhile, there has also been an increase in syphilis from 1.6% to 2.7%. This potentially life-threatening, but easily treatable sexually transmitted
infection, is most prevalent in the Northern Cape (8.5%). 

Gauteng and the Western Cape also have relatively high syphilis rates, while Limpopo and KZN have the lowest rates. 

The report referred to in this Health-E story is the 2005 Antenatal HIV and Syphilis Prevalence survey which can be downloaded at http://www.doh.gov.za/docs/hiv-syphilis-f.html

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